Many medicines are safe and useful when taken correctly. However, some can damage the kidneys, especially when taken in excessive amounts, combined with certain other drugs or used by people who already have kidney disease.
Here are seven categories to discuss with a healthcare professional.
1. Anti-inflammatory painkillers: Medicines such as ibuprofen, diclofenac and naproxen can reduce blood flow to the kidneys in some circumstances.
2. Certain antibiotics: Some antibiotics can affect kidney function, particularly when doses are unsuitable or a patient is already vulnerable.
3. Some antiviral medicines: Certain antiviral drugs require kidney monitoring or dose adjustment.
4. Some contrast agents: Contrast materials used in medical imaging may pose a risk to selected patients, particularly those with severe kidney impairment.
5. Certain herbal mixtures: Unregulated products may contain toxic ingredients, contaminants or undisclosed medicines.
6. Some bodybuilding products: Unverified supplements and products containing undisclosed substances can create health risks, including possible kidney injury.
7. Excessive doses of medicines: Taking more than the recommended dose of any medicine can cause harm. Some overdoses can lead to serious kidney damage.
How can you reduce the risk?
Tell your doctor and pharmacist about every medicine, supplement and herbal product you use. This helps them identify possible interactions and adjust doses when necessary.
Do not assume that a medicine is safe simply because it is sold without a prescription. People with kidney disease may need special precautions.
Avoid taking painkillers repeatedly without advice, particularly during vomiting, diarrhoea or dehydration.
If you notice reduced urine output, swelling or unusual weakness after starting a medicine, seek medical advice.
Never stop essential prescribed treatment on your own. The aim is to use medicines safely, not to avoid necessary treatment.
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